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HP LaserJet IIp Apollo 2500 '
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1990-04-25
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HP Announces Low-Priced Workstation & Printer
Confidential / Apple Product Marketing
Written by: David Garr and Michael Mace, with help from Frank Casanova
Contact: David Garr, Competitive Analysis, GARR1
Last week, HP announced, among other things, a $3,990 workstation and a $1,495
laser printer. This link looks first at the workstation and then at the laser
printer, and discusses the products' features and their implications for Apple.
HP'S $3,990 WORKSTATION
_______
SUMMARY
Last week HP introduced three Apollo workstation products. Probably the most
significant to Apple is the Apollo 2500, a low-priced 68030-based workstation.
The base price for a diskless 2500 with a monochrome monitor is $3,990.
This is a workstation, not a PC. HP does not yet have a compelling business
software offering for the 2500 (nor the other, more expensive, Apollo
workstations). It is a UNIX system with a limited graphical user interface and
little productivity software. Because of its software limitations, this
machine does not pose much of a sales threat to Macintosh in the short run.
However, we think it poses stiff competition to Sun and DEC at the low-end of
the workstation market. In the long run, as the Open Software Foundation
version of UNIX becomes available, and as Apple introduces higher-end systems
and new versions of A/UX, we think Apple will compete more directly with
machines like the 2500.
__________________
FEATURES
Apollo Series 2500. 20-MHz 68030, 20-MHz 68882, 4 MIPS claimed
Default configuration: Diskless, 15" Monochrome, 4MB. $3,990
Available 4Q89
HP also announced the Series 3500 and 4500 which are Apollo graphics
workstations. HP calls these desktop visualization systems.
Apollo Series 3500. 25-MHz 68030, 5 MIPS claimed
Pricing starts at $19,495
Available 4Q89
Apollo Series 4500. 33-MHz 68030, 8 MIPS claimed
Default configuration: 348MB, 19" Color, 8MB. $30,990
Available 4Q89
________
ANALYSIS
The Apollo 2500 is now the lowest priced workstation, and it further blurs the
distinction between personal computers and workstations. The clearest
differentiator between them now seems to be software. Personal computers
support a large variety of general productivity software, whereas workstations
run UNIX and support many engineering/scientific applications.
Throughout its announcement, HP reiterated that the price of the 2500 is
two-thirds the list price of a similarly configured Sun 3/80 workstation and
nearly half the price of the DEC VAXstation 3100. Here are some comparative
specifications:
MIPS RAM Disk Price
claimed monochrome
--------------------------------------------
HP Apollo 2500 4 4MB none $3,990 (Mono 15")
DEC VAXstation 3100 3 8MB none $6,950 (Mono 15")
DECstation 2100 10.4 8MB none $7,950 (Mono 15")
Sun 3/80 3 4MB none $5,995 (Mono 17")
Sun SPARCstation 1 12.5 8MB none $8,995 (Mono 17")
HP claims that the Apollo 2500 can run more than 2500 software applications,
which HP believes is the broadest library of software offerings in the
workstation industry. In the long run, the workstation company with better
software support will have an advantage, but it's too early to declare a
winner. Both HP and DEC are major participants in the Open Software
Foundation, which most analysts believe is building momentum faster than Sun's
Open Look environment.
(OSF is an alliance of major workstation vendors opposed to AT&T and Sun. OSF
is developing its own version of UNIX, named OSF1 in its first release, which
incorporates a graphical interface called Motif. We assume that HP will
eventually offer OSF1 as an option for its Apollo and HP workstations.)
HP offers two families of UNIX workstations: the Apollo workstations and the
HP 9000 workstations. The versions of UNIX on these workstations are not fully
compatible; the Apollo workstations run Domain/OS, while the HP 9000
workstations run HP-UX. It is not clear if or how HP will merge these two
product families over the long run. We wonder if promoting two environments
(and perhaps a third, with OSF1) will limit how successful HP can be with
either of its families.
______________________
IMPLICATIONS FOR APPLE
Price Comparisons Misleading.
The price of the Apollo 2500 is lower than a similarly configured Macintosh
IIcx. A monochrome IIcx with 1MB of RAM is priced at $5,396; about $1,400 more
than the 2500. However, these are list prices. For low quantities, a retailer
probably gives a higher discount for the Macintosh than HP gives for the 2500.
Furthermore, the 2500 has a number of weaknesses when compared with the IIcx,
such as:
* 1 bit/pixel monochrome (color not supported).
* Few productivity applications available.
* Applications lack consistency.
* Awkward user interface.
* No floppy disk.
* Only available through direct sales.
* Limited expansion. It has one AT-bus slot, which is taken up by the
networking card. So, for example, it cannot support a second monitor.
Someone comparing the 2500 with a Macintosh should determine what they can
accomplish with the whole system, and not just look at price and processor.
Not a big threat in short run.
We don't think HP's low-end workstation poses a huge threat in the short run.
Unix has not yet achieved significant penetration in Apple's core markets.
There is a potential for competition to develop in the long run, as
workstations get more productivity software and better user interfaces, and as
their prices decrease. For the moment, Sun, DEC, and HP have their hands full
just battling one another. IBM's revitalized entry into the market, expected
within the next several months, should increase the workstation competition
even more.
===============================================================================
HP'S NEW LASER PRINTER
_______
SUMMARY
The new LaserJet IIP has a suggested retail price of $1,495 and a rated speed
of four pages per minute (half the current LaserJet). It will probably sell
for under a thousand dollars, making it easily the least expensive laser
printer on the market. The new printer does not yet have PostScript, so it is
not much of a sales threat to Apple's LaserWriter line. PostScript will be
added in early 1990. The price for that add-on has not been announced, but
rumors are that it will be relatively expensive.
________
FEATURES
HP LaserJet IIP (the "P" stands for "personal")
--4 ppm maximum print speed.
--300 dpi resolution (half page; extra RAM required for full-page 300 dpi).
--50-sheet paper tray.
--Weight 25 pounds.
________
ANALYSIS
This is a stripped product.
HP has a history of offering a lot of add-on products for its LaserJet series,
and the IIP carries the process to new heights. Although its under-$1,000
street price will be very seductive, we think many customers will be
dissatisfied with the performance of that product.
In particular, we think a 50-page paper tray will soon become intensely
annoying. A 250-sheet add-in tray costs $195 extra. Many customers will also
probably want to add a 1 MB memory board to get full-page 300 dpi printing
($495), and HP's new Great Start font cartridge to get a better variety of
fonts ($99). Add up all the extras, and the printer's suggested retail price
grows to $2,284 (or a street price of around $1,500 to $1,600, depending on the
discount applied to the accessories). That is still a good deal, but not as
impressive as the price of the printer alone.
Intensified competition for dot-matrix.
HP positions the IIP as a replacement for 24-pin dot-matrix printers, and as an
add-on product for people who currently share a LaserJet or other laser
printer. The company already took a bite out of the dot-matrix installed base
with its DeskJet ink-jet printers, but we think the IIP will have a bigger
impact because of its superior speed (4 ppm vs. 1 ppm or less for the ink-jet
product). In fact, we think the IIP may cannibalize some sales of the DeskJet,
which carries a suggested retail price of $795 to $995, depending on
configuration.
_____________________
IMPLICATIONS TO APPLE
Very little in the near term.
Because the IIP does not yet have a PostScript option, it will not have a major
impact on sales of the LaserWriter line. We do expect third-parties to offer
Macintosh connectivity products for the IIP, but similar products for the
LasserJet have not been an overwhelming success.
It is important to ensure that customers do not compare the price of a
LaserWriter II NT or NTX to that of the LaserJet IIP. Although both are laser
printers, the IIP does not have a network connector (so it will be difficult to
share), and its standard configuration does not have enough memory to even
print a full page at 300 dpi. The lack of PostScript means that the printer's
graphics performance will be limited--relatively few fonts, poor management of
scanned images, and sometimes poor-quality line drawings.
PostScript: Future competition?
HP will add a PostScript compatibility option in early 1990. The effect of
this product on the LaserWriter line will depend on the price of the PostScript
option. At present, it is rumored to be around $2,000--too high for the
printer to have a huge impact on Apple's sales. In addition, the HP PostScript
product reportedly will not have a LocalTalk connector, which would cut its
impact to almost nothing.
The IIP's biggest impact on Apple will probably be indirect. By pulling down
laser printing prices throughout the industry, the IIP will eventually put some
price pressure on everyone. But that is a long-term process, and Apple will
have time to respond to the pressure if and when it develops. For the time
being, the most important task is to continue to emphasize that all laser
printers are not created equal.
Other products coming.
We expect additional printer announcements in the near future, including a
rumored IBM laser printer which would print at 6 ppm and be priced at about
$1,300. That is a surprisingly low price, and the rumor may be incorrect. But
the competition in laser printing is clearly beginning to heat up again.
______________________
If you'd like more information, please contact us at COMPETITION.
We also welcome your comments and suggestions.